At present, toy testing is divided into parts of Europe and the Americas section.
1) part of the Americas as follows:
The CPSIA toys detection:
CPSIA on August 14, 2008 United States federal law, more stringent redefine the limit for the toxic and harmful substances in the toy products. Now, all the relevant products before entering the U.S. market by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission CPSC accredited third party testing organization detected or face hefty fines and lead to the export interrupt.
Scope: children's products - mainly for no more than 12 years of age or for their use of consumer goods.
Determine the basis for children's products
n regulations
16CFR 1501 ASTM F963 standards regulated by the provisions of toys and items on the widget, 1500.48 -1500.53 some regulatory toy items belonging to children's products;
Indicates can not use the product for more than 12 years of age, and have the products to prevent children from exposure to performance, not children's products;
Other regulations under the control of the product is not children's products.
n the four elements
The premise of a product is considered children's products is that all four elements to support such a determination, including:
(I) the statement of the manufacturers on the use of the product (if the statement is reasonable), including the label on the product.
(Ii) the product packaging, display, promotion or advertising
(Iii) the average consumer point of view (features and characteristics: size, exaggerated features, safety, colors, themes, to attract non-practical, play value; main purpose; prices; caregiver)
(Iv) the age to determine Guide "and later used to replace the guide and other documents.
The main content of the CPSIA on children's products - lead
n used in 16 CFR part 1303 provides paint materials
(1) sold to the consumer paint;
(2) for children's toys or other items of surface coating materials; (3) furniture surface coating material
Lead content of 600 ppm to 90 ppm (14 May) 2009, other materials (except for the coating, the lead content of children's metal jewelry except) the limit of 300ppm (2009 14) If technically feasible, 2011 August 14, dropped to 100ppm (exception: 2009.3.23 after the manufacture of children's metal jewelry products must meet the requirements of 300ppm)
n lead exemption
Exemption (1): Do not touch the product or components. Exposure did not touch can not be defined: the lid or box sealing and reasonably foreseeable use and abuse (including swallowing, chewing or licking, or aging of the other children's activities or products)
Judgment:
- Use of touch probes
- Abuse testing
- Fabric wrapped through abuse of the test is considered to not be touched, unless a dimension is less than 5cm; coat of paint coating covering the substrate can not be considered to not be touched.
Exemptions: the exemption of certain electronic equipment 1) cathode ray tube glass, electronic components and fluorescent tubes;
2) an alloy of iron and steel, less than 0.35%;
3) aluminum alloy is less than 0.4%;
4) The copper alloy is less than 4%;
5) leaded bronze bearing shells and casing;
6) optical filter glass;
7) and other ion color device (PDP), where the structural unit of surface spread to the electron-emitter display of lead oxide;
8) glass dielectric layer;
9) Black Light Blue (BLB), lead oxide in the glass envelope;
10) When the product in accordance with the functional assembly can be removed replaceable components, but shown, such as battery components and bulbs
Exemptions: The following material lead content does not exceed 100 ppm, such as stained or dyed fabric, wood, paper, CMYK four color printing inks, natural gemstones, pearls, 10K more than gold, 925 silver, platinum, palladium and rhodium
lead n the CPSC released test
1) Metal material: CPSC-CH-E1001-08.1
2) non-metallic materials other than (coating): CPSC-CH-E1002-08.1
3) coating materials: CPSC-CH-E1003-09
CPSIA on children's products - phthalates
n requirements:
A permanent ban - 2/10/2009, prohibited in toys and childcare products in three phthalates (DEHP, DBP and BBP) content of ultra-
More than 0.1%.
2, the transitional ban - 2/10/2009, released to the final regulations during the temporary ban can be put into the mouth of all children's toys and child care products
Three phthalates (DINP, DIDP, and DNOP) content of more than 0.1%. Placed in the mouth means: can be placed in the mouth to chew, any dimension of less than 5 cm
n is not need certification
Phthalates detection methods published by CPSC: CPSC-CH-C1001-09.3
n Application examples
Applications: can be used in PVC, PVA, PVDC, of PU plasticizer. There may be used for coatings, inks, adhesives, sealants, air fresheners, aroma products.
May contain examples as follows: electrical insulation material of soft plastics and rubber (polyolefins, silicone rubber, natural rubber, except); foam plastics, rubber, such as PU; surface coating; adhesives and sealants;
May contain some examples: metal; of undyed natural wood; textiles of natural fibers; ordinary synthetic fibers, textiles; such as polyester, acrylic, nylon; polyolefins, silicone rubber and natural rubber; mineral products, such as sand, glass crystal .
CPSIA on children's products - ASTM F963
Mandatory standards (other than burning part) since February 10, 2009
n ASTM F963 requirements
4.3.1 toxic substances --- toys or materials used in toys must comply with the relevant provisions of the FHSA, and issued in accordance with FHSA. Lists the types of toys are not some of the FHSA regulations (16 CFR 1500.85) above the relevant provisions of the toxic, corrosive, irritant, sensitizing, pressure, radioactive, flammable and combustible The material provides limited. It should be noted that some states have regulations for toxic substances may be more stringent than federal regulations.
4.3.2 The food manufacturing and packaging --- toys sold with food manufacturing and packaging must comply with 21 CFR 110. 4.3.3 non-direct food additive manufacturing, processing, packaging and storage of health operating regulations --- toy components in contact with food, such as toys, cooking utensils must comply with the requirements of the Food, Drug and Cosmetics Act (FDCA). 21 CFR 170-189. - For toys and food contact components, such as toys, cookware and tableware toys, packaging, or instructions to be labeled to warn caregivers before cleaning.
- Lead and cadmium contamination in the ceramic --- used or is likely to bloom the food components of ceramic toys, such as: ceramic tea set must comply with the FDCA 402 (a) (2) (c), and FDA product qualified principles and guidelines in requirements.
4.3.4 Cosmetics --- toys, cosmetics must meet the relevant requirements of with 21CFR the FDCA code. Which applies the provisions of the cosmetics see the 21 CFR700-740. 73,74,81 and 82 of the 21 CFR, see the relevant provisions of the pigment in cosmetics. - In addition, the following 8-year-old toy cosmetics must meet all the requirements of this standard and the FHSA regulations, although it does not include 16 CFR 1500.81 and 50.3 (b) (ii).
--- Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requirements will be used as a supplement to the existing provisions of the Children's Products.
4.3.5 paint and similar surface coating materials --- the paint used in toys and other similar surface coating materials according to the Consumer Products Safety Ordinance (CPSA) issued regulations on lead content must comply with 16 CFR 1303. 1.3 .5.1 This prohibits the use of lead content of more than 0.06% (600ppm) of paint or similar surface coating. 1.3.5.2 In addition, surface coating materials, antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury and selenium compounds should not exceed the corresponding values given in Table 1.4.3.6 toys, cosmetics, liquid, paste, gel and powder requirements (art) - Cleanliness: According to USP 24 <61> Biological limit value test or the latest version of the U.S. Pharmacopoeia
- Preservatives: according to the USP 24 <51> The antibacterial effect of test, or the latest version of the U.S. Pharmacopoeia
Fill material 4.3.7 --- requirements of the loose fill material stuffed toys can not have the undesirable material from insects, birds, rodents or other animal infestation, nor dirt that may arise in the good practices, such as debris and metal shavings. Determine the non-performing materials testing methods see AOAC Chapter 16. Also, both natural or synthetic fiber filler should meet the "Pennsylvania rule" on stuffed toys of title 34, Chapter 47, Part 47.317 requirements.
Pennsylvania stuffed cleanliness regulations and regulatory requirements of items No. Item limit
A material reflects the characteristics have been used or manufactured before does not allow
2 dirty or other foreign matter content of 1%
Oil and grease content of 1%
4 Lead (Pb) content of 20 mg / kg
5 Arsenic trioxide 2 mg / kg
5% of the ammonia content
7 urea content of 1%
8 nose or eyes, such as plastic or metal parts of non-safety design or solid
Set is not strong does not allow
9 stone or other hard objects, jagged or sharp edges does not allow
10 may be attached to the trachea, ears, nostrils with static material does not allow
11 surface of the filler material burning velocity of 12 square inches is less than 3s
4.3.8 DEHP (DOP) --- pacifiers, rattles, and bite the ring can not have a destination containing phthalate bis (2 - ethylhexyl) ester (also known as dioctyl phthalate esters). In order to avoid trace DEHP (DOP) impact analysis results, when tested in accordance with the D3421, the test results, the acceptable levels for the main content of 3% CPSIA on children's products - mandatory testing and third-party testing of certain children's products
n general certification (GCC)
- Any the CPSC permissions under the product
- Self-certification
- With effect from November 12, 2008
n third-party testing and certification of children's products
- Testing of children's products
- The CPSC accredited laboratories and certification
- The qualification requirements released 90 days after the implementation of
n products manufactured in the United States: the manufacturer must be certified;
n other parts of manufactured products: the importer must be certified
n certification requirements
A) each consignment must be a certificate, and with the transportation of goods, and can at any time should require the production of the CPSC and U.S. Customs.
2) The certificate to show that the product complies with all relevant requirements of CPSC
3) test is based on the detection of each product or a reasonable testing program
4) must be in English, you can use another language.
5) must include the product manufacturer or private labeler and testing laboratory name, the date and place of manufacturing and testing.
6) Where a product does not have the required certificate can not be imported or wholesale to the U.S. market.
n general certificate of samples
Regulatory compliance certificate
(1) the name of the product covered by this certificate:
2 certificate certified products on the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission announced a regulation
Reference to:
Certified products comply with the regulations, foreign or domestic manufacturer's name:
4 certified products comply with regulations to the extent applicable, the name of the importer:
5 certified products comply with the regulations to the extent applicable, proprietary trademark owner's name (if any):
6 Save the test results of staff contact:
7 manufacturing date and location:
Test whether the product to comply with the date and place of the regulations:
9 the name of the certificate is based on third-party laboratory:
The main content of the CPSIA on children's products - label
n Tracking Labels
ü after August 14, 2009, the production of children's products requirements in the product
ü and packaging with a permanent difference between the identity
ü contents of the labels that enable buyers to be determined by reference to these markers
ü the production source, date, and supply (including the batch, the batch or
ü Other features can be certified)
ü does not require all the information in a label.
ü did not identify the size and font requirements.
ü does not require the establishment of a batch system, but manufacturers need to use some method to track.
n advertising, labeling and packaging
October 13, 2008;
Unless the product complies with the requirements of the rules or standards, consumer safety regulations or voluntary standards mentioned in the ban on the advertising, labeling or packaging of a consumer.
CPSIA on children's products - durable infant or toddler product standards and registration [1]
n registration card
ü the requirements of regulations from the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission announced in August 2009 with immediate effect:
ü durable infant products or child care product manufacturers must provide consumers with a postage-paid product registry, the purpose is to inform consumers when products are recalled or take security actions
n durable infant or toddler products
Children under 5 years old:
The full-size and non full-size cribs, baby cots, children's high chairs, children's fence bed, fixed Activities for children, baby back pocket, stroller, child booster seat, children's bathtub seat, protection of children, small doors or fences, child care toddler cars, swings, baby basket, cradle
2) parts of Europe
1、EN 71 Part 1:1998-physical &mechanical Test
(a)Without Sound module
(b)With Sound
2、EN 71 Part 2:1993-flammability Test
(a)Finished Product
(b)Pile fabric or material
3、EN 71 Part 3:1994-Toxic Elements Test (8 Toxic Elements Results)
4、EN 71 Part 4:Experimental Set for Chemisty
5、EN 71 Part 5:Chemisty Toys(Sets) Other than Experimental Sets
6、EN 71 Part 6:Graphical Symbol for Age Warning Labelling
7、EN 71 Part 7 Finger Paints
(a)Colorants
(b)Preservatives
(c)Binding agents,extenders,humectants and surfactants,ingredient review
(d)Limits for the of Transfer certain elements
(e)Limits for primar aromatic amines
(f)Ethanol
(g)pH value
(h)Product information & Container
8、EN 50088-Electric Toy Safety Test
9、EMC Directive 89/336/EEC
(a)Motorised Toys EN 55022
Mainly related to the EN71 standards (European Toy Safety Standard), include the following components:
